Iwebhusayithi yaseJamani ethi "Economic Weekly" ipapashe inqaku elinesihloko esithi "Oku kutya sele kuprintwa ngabashicileli be-3D" ngoDisemba 25. Umbhali nguChristina Holland. Umxholo wenqaku ngulo ulandelayo:
I-nozzle yatshiza le nto inombala wenyama rhoqo yaza yayifaka umaleko ngomaleko. Emva kwemizuzu engama-20, kwavela into efana ne-oval. Ibukeka ifana kakhulu ne-steak. Ngaba uHideo Oda waseJapan wacinga ngale nto xa wayeqala ukuzama "ukwenza iiprototype ngokukhawuleza" (oko kukuthi, ukuprinta nge-3D) ngeminyaka yoo-1980? U-Oda wayengomnye wabaphandi bokuqala ukujonga ngokunzulu indlela yokwenza iimveliso ngokusebenzisa izinto umaleko ngomaleko.
Kwiminyaka eyalandelayo, ubuchwepheshe obufanayo baphuhliswa ikakhulu eFransi nase-United States. Ukususela kwiminyaka yoo-1990 kutshanje, ubuchwepheshe buhambele phambili kakhulu. Emva kokuba iinkqubo ezininzi zokwenziwa kwezinto ezongeziweyo zifikelele kumanqanaba orhwebo, yaba lishishini kwaye emva koko ngamajelo eendaba aqaphela obu buchwepheshe butsha: Iingxelo zeendaba zezintso zokuqala eziprintiweyo kunye neeprosthetics zenze ukuba ukuprintwa kwe-3D kubonakale eluntwini.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngo-2005, iiprinta ze-3D zazizizixhobo zoshishino kuphela ezazingafikeleleki kubathengi bokugqibela kuba zazizininzi, zibiza kakhulu kwaye zihlala zikhuselwe ziipatenti. Nangona kunjalo, imakethi itshintshe kakhulu ukusukela ngo-2012—iiprinta zokutya ze-3D azisezozabantu abathanda amaphupha kuphela.
Inyama Eyenye
Ngokwesiseko, zonke ukutya okune-paste okanye i-puree kunokuprintwa. Inyama ye-vegan eprintiweyo nge-3D okwangoku ifumana ingqalelo enkulu. Iinkampani ezintsha ezininzi ziye zabona amathuba amakhulu oshishino kule ndlela. Izinto ezisetyenziswa kwizityalo zenyama ye-vegan eprintiweyo nge-3D ziquka iifayibha zeepitsi kunye nerayisi. Indlela yokwenza umaleko ngomnyeleko kufuneka yenze into abavelisi bemveli abangazange bakwazi ukuyenza kangangeminyaka: Inyama yemifuno ayifanele ibonakale njengenyama kuphela, kodwa ikwafanele ibe nencasa efana neyenyama yenkomo okanye yehagu. Ngaphezu koko, into eprintiweyo ayiseyiyo inyama yehamburger elula ukuyixelisa: Kungekudala, inkampani entsha yakwaSirayeli ethi "Redefining Meat" yaqalisa i-filet mignon yokuqala eprintiweyo nge-3D.
Inyama Yokwenyani
Okwangoku, eJapan, abantu baye benza inkqubela phambili enkulu: Ngowama-2021, abaphandi kwiYunivesithi yaseOsaka basebenzise ii-stem cells ezivela kwiintlobo zenyama yenkomo ezikumgangatho ophezulu iWagyu ukukhulisa izicubu ezahlukeneyo zebhayoloji (amafutha, izihlunu kunye nemithambo yegazi), baze basebenzise iiprinta ze-3D ukuprinta. Zihlanganiswe ndawonye. Abaphandi banethemba lokulinganisa ezinye iinyama ezintsonkothileyo ngale ndlela. Umenzi wezixhobo ezichanekileyo waseJapan uShimadzu uceba ukusebenzisana neYunivesithi yaseOsaka ukwenza iprinta ye-3D ekwaziyo ukuvelisa le nyama ikhuliswe ngobuninzi ngo-2025.
Itshokolethi
Iiprinta ze-3D zasekhaya zisanqabile kwihlabathi lokutya, kodwa iiprinta ze-chocolate 3D zezinye zezinto ezimbalwa ezingaqhelekanga. Iiprinta ze-chocolate 3D zibiza ngaphezulu kwe-500 Euros. Ibhloko yetshokolethi eqinileyo iba lulwelo kwi-nozzle, ize emva koko iprintwe ibe yimo okanye umbhalo omiselweyo. Ii-cake parlors nazo ziqalise ukusebenzisa iiprinta zetshokolethi 3D ukuze zenze iimilo okanye umbhalo ontsonkothileyo onokuba nzima okanye ungenakwenzeka ukuwenza ngokwesiko.
I-Salmon yemifuno
Ngexesha apho iintlanzi zesalmon zasendle zaseAtlantiki zilotywa ngokugqithisileyo, iisampulu zenyama ezivela kwiifama ezinkulu zesalmon zingcoliswe phantse yi-parasites, iintsalela zamayeza (ezifana nee-antibiotics), kunye neesinyithi ezinzima. Okwangoku, amanye amashishini amatsha anikezela ngezinye iindlela kubathengi abathanda isalmon kodwa abangafuni ukuyitya ngenxa yezizathu zokusingqongileyo okanye zempilo. Oosomashishini abancinci kwiLovol Foods eAustria bavelisa isalmon etshayiweyo besebenzisa iproteni yeepea (ukuze balinganise ulwakhiwo lwenyama), i-carrot extract (ngombala) kunye ne-seaweed (ngokwenza incasa).
Ipizza
Kwanepizza ingaprintwa nge-3D. Nangona kunjalo, ukuprinta ipizza kufuna ii-nozzles ezininzi: enye nganye yentlama, enye yesosi yetumato kunye nenye yetshizi. Iprinta ingaprinta iipizza zeemilo ezahlukeneyo ngenkqubo enamanqanaba amaninzi. Ukusebenzisa ezi zithako kuthatha umzuzu omnye kuphela. Ingxaki kukuba izinto ezithandwa ngabantu azinakuprintwa, kwaye ukuba ufuna izinto ezingaphezulu kunepizza yakho ye-margherita esisiseko, kuya kufuneka ungeze ngesandla.
Iipizza eziprintwe nge-3D zaba ngundaba-mlonyeni ngo-2013 xa i-NASA yaxhasa iprojekthi eyayijolise ekunikeni ukutya okutsha kwiingcali zeenkwenkwezi ezizayo ezazisiya eMars.
Iiprinta ze-3D ezivela kwinkampani entsha yaseSpain iNatural Health nazo zinokuprinta i-pizza. Nangona kunjalo, lo matshini ubiza kakhulu: iwebhusayithi esemthethweni yangoku ithengiswa nge-$6,000.
Iinoodle
Ngowama-2016, umenzi wepasta uBarilla wabonisa iprinta ye-3D eyayisebenzisa umgubo wengqolowa we-durum kunye namanzi ukuprinta ipasta ngokweemilo ezingenakwenzeka ngeenkqubo zemveli zokwenza. Phakathi kowama-2022, iBarilla iqalise uyilo lwayo lokuqala oluprintiweyo lwepasta. Amaxabiso aqala kwi-25 ukuya kwi-57 yee-euro ngokuphakelwa kwepasta eyenzelwe wena, ejolise kwiindawo zokutyela ezikumgangatho ophezulu.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Jan-06-2023
